Bilirubin

• Customization: Available
• Storage Method: Normal
• Nutrient Composition: Protein
• Resource: Natural
• Transport Package: 25 Kg/Carton Outside and Double Food Plastic Bags
• Specification: 90%
• Trademark: SOST
• Origin: China
• Production Capacity: 10 Kg/Momth

Product Description

Product Description

Bilirubin ( BR ) (Latin for "red bile") is an orange-red compound that is present in the normal catabolic pathway that breaks down hemoglobin in vertebrates. This catabolism is a necessary process for the body to remove waste products resulting from aging or abnormal red blood cell destruction. In the first step of bilirubin synthesis, the heme molecule is stripped from the hemoglobin molecule. Hemoglobin is then catabolized through a variety of processes in porphyrins, which vary depending on the area of the body where catabolism occurs. For example, the molecules excreted in the urine are different from those in the feces. The production of biliverdin from heme is the first major step in the catabolic pathway, after which biliverdin reductase performs the second step, producing bilirubin from biliverdin. Eventually, bilirubin is broken down in the body and its metabolites are excreted through bile and urine; elevated levels may indicate certain diseases. It is responsible for healing the yellow color of bruises and the yellow discoloration of jaundice. Its breakdown products, such as fecal bilirubin, cause brown coloring of the stool. A different breakdown product, urobilin, is the main component of the straw-yellow color in urine.
Although bilirubin is usually found in animals rather than plants, at least one plant, cranberry, is known to contain this pigment.


1. Antioxidant activity
Bilirubin is produced by the activity of biliverdin reductase on biliverdin, a green tetrapyrrole bile pigment and a product of heme catabolism. Bilirubin reverts back to biliverdin again after it has been oxidized. This cycle, in addition to demonstrating the potent antioxidant activity of bilirubin, led to the hypothesis that the primary physiological role of bilirubin is as a cellular antioxidant. In line with this, animal studies have shown that elimination of bilirubin leads to endogenous oxidative stress. The antioxidant activity of bilirubin may be particularly important in the brain, where it prevents excitotoxicity and neuronal death by scavenging superoxide during N-methyl-D-aspartate neurotransmission.

2. Pharmacological effects
Bilirubin has a variety of pharmacological effects and is the main raw material for the manufacture of artificial bilirubin. Pharmacological experiments have proved that it has a good inhibitory effect on W256 tumor, and the inactivation rate and inhibition index of B encephalitis virus is 1-1.5 times higher than that of deoxycholic acid and bile acid; it also is an effective therapeutic drug for liver diseases, which has the effect of proliferating new cells without destroying liver tissues, and can treat serum hepatitis and liver sclerosis, etc. In addition, bilirubin has sedative, analgesic, antipyretic, antihypertensive, promote red blood cell neonatal and other effects.

3. The role of bilirubin in the liver
Bilirubin is produced during the normal process of breaking down red blood cells. It is a yellowish substance found in bile, which is a fluid in the liver. This fluid helps digest food. A healthy liver will remove most of the bilirubin from your body. If the liver is damaged, bilirubin may leak into the bloodstream, resulting in jaundice, which is characterized by yellowing of the skin and eyes, among other symptoms. Therefore, a bilirubin test that measures these levels can help health care providers screen for diseases that affect the liver.

1.For the determination of bilirubin in artificial cow's milk, preparation of artificial cow's milk and biochemical studies.

2. Biochemical studies. Analytical chemistry. Biochemical studies. Synthesis of bovine flavors. Antioxidant, protects membrane phospholipids from oxidation by hydrogen peroxide radicals. Protects neurons from oxidative damage even at nanomolar concentrations
Major pigment of bile; functions as an antioxidant as well as an effective scavenger of hydrogen peroxide radicals, protecting cell membrane lipids from oxidation by these reactive radicals.

3. Clinical applications. Bilirubin has an important role in a variety of clinical applications. Bilirubin has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. Bilirubin/biliverdin is used as a photoactive component for therapeutic diagnosis. Bilirubin nanodrugs increase the solubility, stability and targeting of the drug. Bilirubin acts as a multifunctional component for building nanostructures. Bilirubin is influenced by many factors such as smoking, age, gender, fasting status, alcohol consumption and undiagnosed liver disease, which may account for the discrepancy in the results of some studies. For these reasons, there is potential heterogeneity in the critical values of serum bilirubin that can be used in clinical practice. Therefore, there is a great need for larger, prospective and possibly randomized controlled trials to clearly characterize the role of bilirubin in various disease processes.

Product name:Bilirubin                       Batch:DHS20211119
Manufacture date: Nov 19,2021                Expiry date:Nov 18,2023

 

ANALYSIS ITEMS	SPECIFICATIONS	METHODS
Characteritics
Appearance	Red powder	Visual
Odor	Odorless	Sensory
Taste	/	Sensory
Physical & Chemical
Inulin	≥90.0g/100g	FCC IX
Fructose+Glucose+Sucrose	≤10.0g/100g	FCC IX
Loss on drying	≤4.5g/100g	USP 39<731>
Residue on ignition	≤0.2g/100g	USP 39<281>
pH (10%)	5.0-7.0	USP 39<791>
As	≤0.2mg/kg	USP 39<233>ICP-MS
Pb	≤0.2mg/kg	USP 39<233>ICP-MS
Hg	<0.1mg/kg	USP 39<233>ICP-MS
Cd	<0.1mg/kg	USP 39<233>ICP-MS
Microbiological Control
Total Plate count	≤1,000CFU/g	USP 39<61>
Yeasts&Moulds count	≤50CFU/g	USP 39<61>
E.coli	Negative	USP 39<62>
Salmonella	Negative	USP 39<62>
S.aureus	Negative	USP 39<62>

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